Zichru Daf Simanim
Siman - Shekalim Daf 19
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  • מעות שנמצאו בין השקלים לנדבה

The next Mishnah states, מעות שנמצאו בין השקלים לנדבה – If coins are found between the chest marked “Shekalim,” and the chest marked “Nedavah,” which is for voluntary communal offerings, if they are closer to the "Shekalim," they should be deposited into “Shekalim,” and if they are closer to “Nedavah,” they should be deposited into "Nedavah". מחצה למחצה יפלו לנדבה – If they are equidistant between the two, they should fall into the Nedavah chest. After stating more cases, the Mishnah concludes, זה הכלל – This is the general rule: הולכין אחר הקרוב להקל – We follow the closer one even to be lenient. מחצה על מחצה להחמיר – Where they are equidistant, we are required to be more machmir.

The Gemara explains that there are some who say that the reason that the Nedavah chest for voluntary communal offerings" takes precedence over "Shekalim," is that if the coins were deposited in "Shekalim," they might not end up being used and will become part of the שירי הלשכה and will be used for non-sacrificial purposes, such as repairing the walls of Yerushalayim. Others say the reason is that a coin found equidistant between "Shekalim" and "Nedavah," is like the case of one who died after separating his shekel, where the halachah is that the shekel is deposited in the "Nedavah" chest.

  • מעות שנמצאו

The next Mishnah states, מעות שנמצאו לפני סוחרי בהמה לעולם מעשר – Coins that are found in front of the premises of animal dealers in Yerushalayim, are always assumed to be maaser sheini. The Tiklin Chaditin explains that after the regalim, people would not take their surplus maaser sheini monies home, but would leave them with relatives in Yerushalayim, to spend. Therefore, it was presumed that the majority of monies found at any time in the year were maaser sheini. The Mishnah continues, ובהר הבית חולין – And coins found on Har Habayis are always assumed to be chullin. The Tiklin Chaditin explains that even during the regalim we assume it is chullin since we go after the majority of the year, and the monies found during the regel may have been lost before the regel. The Mishnah continues and says that monies found elsewhere in Yerushalayim are assumed to be maaser sheini during the regalim, and chullin the rest of the year.

  •  Nine stores sell neveilah and one stores sells kosher meat

In the midst of its discussion regarding sefeikos, the Gemara brings a Baraisa that teaches, תשע חנויות מוכרות בשר נבילה ואחת מוכרת בשר שחוטה – If there are nine stores in town that sell neveilah meat, and one store selling shechted meat, נתחלפה לו חושש – If one bought meat from one of the stores but does not know which, he must be concerned for the possibility that he bought neveilah. The Korban HaEidah explains that “concerned” means that the matter is not definite. He cannot eat the meat in question because it is possibly neveilah, but he would not be chayav malkus since it is not definite. This is based on the rule of כל קבוע כמחצה על מחצה דמי – Whatever is fixed in its place is treated as fifty-fifty, so that the minority is treated as making up half of the total amount. The Gemara continues, ולנמצאת הולכין אחר הרוב – But where the meat was found in the street and it cannot be determined from which store it came, we follow the majority. The Korban HaEidah explains that since the majority of stores sell neveilah, the found meat is assumed to be neveilah and one who eats it is chayav malkus.

Siman - Yacht. The coin collectors on the Yacht were having a blast trying to figure out which chest a dropped coin belonged to and listening to the lecture on Maaser Sheini Status of Lost Coins in Yerushalayim until the waiter told them he couldn’t recall if the fleishig dinner he served them came from the kosher store or the nine treif ones.

Rabbi Avraham Goldhar

Rabbi Avraham Goldhar has been designing and teaching Jewish literacy courses for over thirty years. His knowledge frameworks for Biblical mastery, Jewish History, Talmudic Law & Jewish Holidays enable students of all backgrounds to better integrate Jewish concepts and learn systematically. After serving as the Educational Director of Aish HaTorah New York, Avraham launched GoldharSchool.com, Home of Big Picture Jewish Education, featuring Jewish literacy content for schools and individuals. He is the developer of the Goldhar Method, a revolutionary learning system that integrates memory into the learning process and has trained over 80,000 students, teachers and professionals. He lectures internationally on the topic of academic mastery and the solutions required to raise the bar in education. Avraham learned in Aish HaTorah, Mir, and Chaim Berlin and received his ordination under the tutelage of Rabbi Yitzchok Berkovits in Jerusalem.