1. Rebbe Yose exempts wool removed through washing from ראשית הגז

A Baraisa teaches that שוטף את הרחלים – if one washes sheep and some wool comes off, it is exempt from ראשית הגז, because it was not “shorn,” but another Baraisa disagrees. The Gemara explains that the first Baraisa follows Rebbe Yose, who darshens that the Torah’s requirement to leave לקט for the poor applies specifically to "קצירך" – your reaping, ולא לקט קיטוף – but not the לקט from picking. He holds אין לקט אלא הבא מחמת קציר – לקט is only what comes through reaping, but produce which is picked is not subject to לקט. Likewise, ראשית הגז applies only to גיזה – shearing, but not to wool removed through washing. Rav Acha brei d’Rava told Rav Ashi: מודה ר' יוסי במידי דאורחיה – Rebbe Yose concedes that something performed in the usual way is included in the Torah’s halachah, even if it is not the precise act mentioned. Thus, he darshens that עוקר – one who uproots his crop with its roots, e.g., lentils, or תולש – one who plucks his crop by hand, e.g., beans, is also obligated in לקט, since they are the normal methods of harvesting those crops.

1. Defining the Chochomim’s "כל שהן" of fleece which obligates ראשית הגז

In the Mishnah on Daf 135a, Rebbe Dosa ben Harkinas says that the obligation of ראשית הגז applies when one has five sheep, each shorn of a maneh and a half of fleece. The Chochomim say it applies to five sheep which are shorn "כל שהן" – any amount. There are four opinions defining this amount: Rav says it is a maneh and a half altogether, ובלבד שיהו מחומשות – provided that these are divided evenly between the five (i.e., each produces at least a fifth of a maneh and a half). Shmuel says the total is sixty (סלעים), and he must give a sela to the Kohen (i.e., one-sixtieth of his yield). Rebbe Yochanan says the total is six (סלעים); he gives five סלע to the Kohen, and keeps one for himself. Rebbe Elazar says the Chochomim’s minimum is literally כל שהן – any amount. The Gemara objects that the Mishnah requires giving at least five סלעים to the Kohen, and according to Rebbe Elazar and Shmuel, the required ראשית הגז could be less than that amount!? It concludes that this ruling refers to someone with a large quantity of fleece who wishes to distribute them to numerous Kohanim; he must give each Kohen at least five סלעים.

1. Terumah and פאה have no minimum shiur מדאורייתא, but have a shiur מדרבנן

Rav and Shmuel listed three halachos whose shiur is one in sixty: ראשית הגז, terumah, and פאה. The Gemara objects from a Mishnah regarding terumah: עין יפה אחד מארבעים – for one who is generous, the shiur is one in forty (and Rav and Shmuel would not have presented only the miserly shiur)!? The Gemara initially answers that the Mishnah’s smaller shiur is מדאורייתא, but objects that Shmuel taught חטה אחת פוטרת את הכרי – a single kernel of wheat releases the pile from its terumah obligation!? The Gemara concludes that מדאורייתא, even a single kernel suffices. מדרבנן, the shiur for produce which is subject to terumah מדאורייתא is one in forty, while the shiur for produce which is only subject to terumah only מדרבנן is one in sixty. The Gemara then challenges the minimum shiur given for פאה from a Mishnah: אלו דברים שאין להן שיעור הפאה והבכורים והראיון – these are the things which have no measure: פאה, בכורים, and appearing in the Mikdash during רגלים!? The Gemara answers that מדאורייתא, פאה has no minimum shiur, but מדרבנן, one must leave one in sixty. Although the next Mishnah there already teaches this shiur, Rav and Shmuel are teaching that this applies even in חוץ לארץ.