- Why three pesukim were needed regarding the purification required to eat terumah
The Gemara asks why three pesukim are needed regarding the purification to eat terumah, and answers that all three are required, for if the Torah only wrote: “A man, a man from the offspring of Aharon, who is a metzora or a zav, shall not eat from the holies, (ie. terumah) עד אשר יטהר – until he becomes purified,” I would not know with what someone becomes purified. Therefore, the Torah wrote: "ובא השמש וטהר" – And the sun shall set and he shall become purified. And if the Torah had only written: “And the sun shall set,” I would have thought that that his halachah only applies to someone who is not a בר כפרה – subject to bringing a kaparah, but someone who is subject to bringing a kaparah would require to bring the kaparah in order to eat the terumah. Therefore, the Torah wrote: "עד מלאת" – Until the completion of her days of purification. Rashi explains that this refers to a יולדת - a woman who has given birth, and teaches that she is purified at nightfall before bringing a kaparah. And if the Torah had only written, "עד מלאת", I would have said that she is permitted at nightfall even without doing a tevilah. Therefore, the Torah writes, "עד אשר יטהר" – until he becomes purified, which refers to tevilah.
- Who is considered a פצוע דכא?
The Mishnah on Daf 70a stated: פצוע דכא וכרות שפכה הן ועבדיהן יאכלו– Someone with wounded or crushed testicles, they and their slaves may eat terumah, but their wives may not eat terumah. It was taught in a Baraisa: איזהו פצוע דכא – Who is considered a פצוע דכא? כל שנפצעו ביצים שלו – Anyone whose testicles were wounded, in a way that he is unable to father children. ואפילו אחת מהן - Even if only one of them, ואפילו ניקבו – and even if they were only punctured, ואפילו נמוקו – and even if they dissolved, ואפילו חסרו – and even if only a small part of them is missing. Rebbe Yishmael the son of Rebbe Yochanan ben Berokah said: I heard from the Chochomim from Kerem b’Yavneh: כל שאין לו אלא ביצה אחת – that whoever has only one testicle,אינו אלא סריס חמה וכשר – is only a sris chamah and is kasher to marry into the kahal. A sris chamah is someone who became sterile through an act of Heaven, such as an illness. The Gemara clarifies that Rebbe Yishmael does not mean he literally is considered a sris chamah, but that he is like a sris chamah and is fit to marry into the kahal.
- How do we know that כרות שפכה refers to a severed male organ?
The Gemara asks from where is it known that a כרות שפכה, someone with a severed shofchah, refers to the male organ? אימא משפתיה – Let us say that it is it refers to one who is severed in the area of his lip, from where saliva spills. Rashi explains that perhaps this is the person who is prohibited from marrying into the kahal. The Gemara answers, "שפכה" כתיב – Shofchah is written, which literally means, “spiller.” במקום ששפך - This implies that the injury is in a place that “spills” its liquid. Rashi explains that saliva does not spill from the lips but is spit to a distance. When the Gemara suggests, אימא מחוטמו – let us say it refers to the nose, where mucus spills, it answers that the passuk does not say "בשפוך" – severed in his shefoch, which implies an organ that was a spiller prior to being severed. Rather it says, כרות שפכה – which indicates, מי שעל ידי כריתה שופך – that it refers to an organ that spills as a result of the severing, whereas prior to severing it was not spilling but was מקלח – spouting. This excludes the nose, where both before and after the severing it spills its liquids.