Siman - Berachos Daf 21

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Two Biblically mandated berachos

The Gemara identifies the sources for two Biblically mandated berachos.

a.Birkas Hamazon – "ואכלת ושבעת וברכת" - and you shall eat, be satisfied and bless

b.Birkas HaTorah– "כי שם ה' אקרא הבו גדל לאלקינו" - when I call the name of Hashem, ascribe greatness to our G-d

Is Krias Shema Biblical or Rabbinic?

There is a machlokes whether the obligation to recite Krias Shema is Biblical or Rabbinic.

According to Rav Yehuda, the Biblical obligation of ובשכבך ובקמך (and when you lie down and arise) is to recite any section of the Torah, once in the morning and once in the evening. The fact that we fulfill this requirement by reciting the words of Shema is Rabbinic.

Latecomer to Shul

There is a machlokes regarding at what point a latecomer to shul can join the tzibbur (congregation) if they are in the middle of davening Shemoneh Esrei.

One view permits it only if he can finish before the shliach tzibbur (the one leading the davening) reaches Kedushah; the other view holds that he only needs to finish before the shliach tzibbur reaches Modim.

Siman - Car. The latecomer to shul raced out of his CAR and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.

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Rabbi Avraham Goldhar

Rabbi Avraham Goldhar has been designing and teaching Jewish literacy courses for over thirty years. His knowledge frameworks for Biblical mastery, Jewish History, Talmudic Law & Jewish Holidays enable students of all backgrounds to better integrate Jewish concepts and learn systematically. After serving as the Educational Director of Aish HaTorah New York, Avraham launched GoldharSchool.com, Home of Big Picture Jewish Education, featuring Jewish literacy content for schools and individuals. He is the developer of the Goldhar Method, a revolutionary learning system that integrates memory into the learning process and has trained over 80,000 students, teachers and professionals. He lectures internationally on the topic of academic mastery and the solutions required to raise the bar in education. Avraham learned in Aish HaTorah, Mir, and Chaim Berlin and received his ordination under the tutelage of Rabbi Yitzchok Berkovits in Jerusalem.