Siman - Shabbos Daf 3

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One person does the melocho to be liable for a chatas

One is only liable to bring a chatas for doing a melocho if he performed it single-handedly. Two people that perform a melocho together are exempt from bringing a chatas.

Rebbe learns this from the passuk of ואם נפש אחת תחטא בשגגה מעם הארץ בעשותה אחת ממצות ה' אשר לא תעשנה – And if an individual from among the people of the land shall sin unintentionally by committing one of the commandments of Hashem that may not be done. Rebbe teaches the word בעשתה as a contraction of the words בעשות אותה – by committing it (the misdeed), which implies that one must do the complete act to be liable. (Tosfos(

Is lifting the body the same as lifting the object?

Rav asked Rebbe what the law is in a case where one’s friend loaded upon him food and drink in a private domain and then the one with the load walked out into the public domain. Is lifting his body to begin walking (עקירת גופו) considered as if he lifted the object from its place (עקירת חפץ) or not?

Rebbe answered that it is considered an act of lifting an object (עקירה) since the body is considered in a state of resting on the ground and the person would be liable to bring a chatas. This is different than a hand that isn’t considered in a resting state on the ground.

Is the hand given the status of a karmelis?

Abaye stated that it was clear to him from the Mishna that the hand is not considered totally drawn to the body to the point that it is regarded as being in the same domain as the body. If it was, then the poor person standing in the public domain would have given his hand the status of a reshus harabim and the homeowner would have been liable the moment he placed the object in the poor person’s hand.

This leads Abaye to inquire whether the Rabbis penalized someone for extending his laden hand into another reshus by giving the hand the status of a karmelis, thereby forbidding him to retract it. This question becomes the focus for the remainder of the Daf.

Siman – Camels. The camel driver who single-handedly carried the water that was loaded up on his back into the public domain for his camels made the mistake of sticking his hands full of camel treats into a different domain and was told he might not be able to retract them. Key Words - single-handedly, lifting the body, hand a karmelis?

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Rabbi Avraham Goldhar

Rabbi Avraham Goldhar has been designing and teaching Jewish literacy courses for over thirty years. His knowledge frameworks for Biblical mastery, Jewish History, Talmudic Law & Jewish Holidays enable students of all backgrounds to better integrate Jewish concepts and learn systematically. After serving as the Educational Director of Aish HaTorah New York, Avraham launched GoldharSchool.com, Home of Big Picture Jewish Education, featuring Jewish literacy content for schools and individuals. He is the developer of the Goldhar Method, a revolutionary learning system that integrates memory into the learning process and has trained over 80,000 students, teachers and professionals. He lectures internationally on the topic of academic mastery and the solutions required to raise the bar in education. Avraham learned in Aish HaTorah, Mir, and Chaim Berlin and received his ordination under the tutelage of Rabbi Yitzchok Berkovits in Jerusalem.