TOSFOS DH Im Timtzi Lomar Halachah k'R. Yehudah Mekalkel b'Chaburah Hu v'Chulei (cont.)
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืช"ื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืงืืงื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืื' (ืืืฉื)
TOSFOS DH Im Timtzi Lomar Halachah k'R. Yehudah Mekalkel b'Chaburah Hu v'Chulei (cont.)
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืช"ื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืงืืงื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืื' (ืืืฉื)
ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืืคืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืืืช ื ืื ืืืคืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื
Distinction: However, one who does not intend for Melachah at all, the reason he is exempt is not because we require Meleches Machsheves, for also in other places [than Shabbos] Eino Miskaven is exempt, e.g. regarding Sha'atnez;
ืืืืืจื ืืกืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืืื ืื' (ืืืืื ืค"ื ื"ื)
Garment vendors may sell in the normal way [even if they wear Sha'atnez], as long as they do not intend [to benefit from the Sha'atnez - Kil'ayim 9:5];
ืืชื ื ื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืคืฃ ืืืคืกืคืก ืื' (ื ืืืจ ืืฃ ืื.)
Also, a Mishnah teaches that a Nazir may rub (shampoo) his hair, and separate [the hairs, as long as he does not intend to detach hairs];
ืืืืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ืฉืจื.
Therefore, it is permitted also regarding wounding.
TOSFOS DH Hai Mesuchraisa d'Nazyaisa Asur Lehadokah v'Chulei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืกืืืจืืืชื ืื ืืืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืงื ืื'
TOSFOS DH Hai Mesuchraisa d'Nazyaisa Asur Lehadokah v'Chulei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืกืืืจืืืชื ืื ืืืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืงื ืื'
(SUMMARY: Tosfos gives two explanations why this is forbidden.)
ืคืืจืฉ ืืงืื ืืจืก ืืื ืจ"ื ืืืขืจืื ืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืชื ืืื ืืืืืจืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืฉืื ืกืืืื
Explanation #1 (Rashi, R. Chananel, one version in the Aruch, and Seder Tana'im v'Amora'im): It is forbidden due to squeezing.
ืืงืฉื ืืจ"ืช ืืื ืกืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงืื
Question (R. Tam): Squeezing is forbidden due to laundering. It does not apply to other liquids;
ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืืืชื ืืื ืืืงื ืืืื
Anything that dirties what absorbs it, e.g. wine, beer and oil, laundering does not apply to squeezing it. It applies only to water.
ืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืื ืงืฉืจืื (ืฉืืช ืืฃ ืงืื:)
Strengthening of question: We do not decree lest one squeeze, like we decree about water, like it says in Shabbos (113b);
ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืคืืข ืืืืช ืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืื
Citation (113b): If one was walking on Shabbos and encountered a stream... what should he do? If he will walk through the water, [his garments may get soaked and] he will come to squeeze!
ืืชื ืื ื ืื ืืคืจืง ืืืืช (ืฉื ืืฃ ืงืื: ืืฉื) ืืืกืชืคื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื
Citation (Shabbos 147b - Beraisa): One may dry his entire body with a towel [on Shabbos], but he may not bring it in his hand;
ืืืคืจืฉ ืืื' ืืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืื
The Gemara explains that this is lest he come to squeeze.
ืืืค"ื ืืืืฆื (ืืฃ ืื. ืืฉื) ืืืืจ ืืื"ืข ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืคืจืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืฉืื ืกืืืื
In Beitzah (18a) it says that all agree that we do not immerse Kelim [on Yom Tov. One opinion in] the Gemara says that this is a decree due to squeezing.
ืืืืื ืืคืจืง ืชืืืื (ืฉืืช ืืฃ ืงืื:) ืชื ื ืืกื ื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืจืื
Distinction: In Shabbos (139b), a Mishnah permits straining wine through a cloth [on Shabbos].
ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืื ื ืืฉืื ืกืืืื
Inference: Regarding wine, we do not decree due to squeezing!
ืืืจืืฉ ืืืืื (ืืืฆื ืืฃ ื.) ื ืื ืงืืืจ ืืืคืจืืก ืกืืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืงืืืจ ืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื
Also in Beitzah (30a) it says that we should spread a garment [over a barrel of wine being carried]. We do not ask that he will come to squeeze [but we do not do so for water, lest he squeeze]. This is because laundering applies only to water.
ืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืคืจืง ืืคื ืื (ืฉืืช ืืฃ ืงืื:) ืื ืืืชื ืฆืจืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจืชื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืขืจื
Implied question #1: It says in Shabbos (128b) if [a woman who gave birth] needs oil, her friend brings to her [oil absorbed] in her hair;
ืืคืจืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืื ืกืืืื ืืฉืขืจ
The Gemara asks that she will come to squeeze, and answers that squeezing does not apply to hair;
ืืฉืืข ืืฉืืื ืกืืืื ืืฉืื
Inference: Squeezing applies to oil!
ืืื ืืค' ื ืืื (ืฉื ืืฃ ืงืื.) ืกืคืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืงื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืข ืื
Implied question #2: It says in Shabbos (143a) that if a sponge has a handle, one may clean with it. If not, one may not, for he will come to squeeze oil absorbed in it!
ืืืื ืกืืืื ืืืจ"ืช ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืคืจืง ืืืกืืจื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืชืื ืืขื ืืื
Answer (R. Tam): That squeezing is due to Mefarek (extracting). It is forbidden like squeezing olives and grapes [to extract the liquid inside].
ืืืื ืืืืจ ืจ"ืช ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืืฉืื ืืคืจืง ืืืื ืฉืื ืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื
Strengthening of question (b) (R. Tam): Here, we cannot say that it is forbidden due to Mefarek, for what is squeezed out goes to waste, even though it is a Pesik Reishei.
ืืื ืคืืจืฉ ืืขืจืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืฉืจื
Support: Also the Aruch says that any Pesik Reishei that he is not pleased with is permitted.
ืืขืืงืจ ืจืืืืชื ืืคืจืง ืื ืืชืืืจ (ืืืืื ืืฃ ืฆื: ืืฉื) ืืืืื ืืจ"ืฉ ืืืืคืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื
His primary proof is from Zevachim (91b). According to R. Shimon (who permits Davar she'Eino Miskaven), we may sprinkle wine on the fire [on the Mizbe'ach], even though it is a Pesik Reishei, for it surely extinguishes [somewhat. This is forbidden at all times];
ืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืจื
Since he is not pleased with the extinguishing, it is permitted.
ืืขืื ืืืืชื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื (ืกืืื ืืฃ ืื: ืืฉื) ืืงืืืจ ืจ"ื ืืจ"ืฉ ืืืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืื"ื ืคื' ืขื ืื ืืืก
The Aruch brought another proof from Sukah 33a. R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon says that one may diminish berries on Yom Tov, i.e. berries on a myrtle branch [so there will be less berries than leaves, to be Machshir it for the Mitzvah];
ืืคืจืื ืืื ืืชืงื ืื ื ืืืืงืื ืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืืื ืกืืจ ืื ืืืืื
The Gemara asked that he fixes a Kli, and establishes that he intends for eating. He holds like his father [who permits Davar she'Eino Miskaven].
ืืคืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืจ"ืฉ ืืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืื' ืืืฉื ื ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืืืจืืชื
The Gemara asked that R. Shimon agrees about a Pesik Reishei, and answered that he has another myrtle branch;
ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืชืืงืื ืฉืจื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื
Inference: Since he is not pleased with this, and he is not concerned for this fixing, it is permitted, even though it is a Pesik Reishei.
ืื ืจืื ืืจ"ื ืืื ืงืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืืกืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื
Answer #1 (to question (b) - Ri): This is not difficult. We can say that one may not squeeze other liquids due to laundering, just like with water;
ืื"ื ืื ืืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืขื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืขื ืืื ื ืื ื ืืกืืืืชื
In any case we are not concerned lest he squeeze, since the taste and smell remain in the garments, and he would not benefit much from squeezing it.
ืืืฆืื ื ืืืืืจ ื ืื ืืืกืืจ ืืฉืื ืืคืจืง
Answer #2: Alternatively, we could say that it is forbidden due to Mefarek;
ืืืฃ ืข"ื ืืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืืืื ืืจ"ืฉ ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืคื
Even though it is a Pesik Reishei d'Lo Nicha Lei, R. Shimon forbids l'Chatchilah, just like Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah l'Gufah.
ืืจืืืืช ืืขืจืื ืืื ื ืจืืืืช
Rejection (of Aruch): The Aruch's proofs are invalid;
ืืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืจ"ืฉ ืืืืฃ ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืื ืฉืื ื
R. Shimon permits sprinkling wine on the fire. We can say that [normally Pesik Reishei d'Lo Nicha Lei is forbidden mid'Rabanan, but] a Mitzvah is different.
ืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจื ืืฉืื ืืฆืื
Similarly, we can say that the case of one who has another myrtle branch is permitted due to the Mitzvah. (Chelkas Yo'av asks, if he does not intend [to be Machshir it] and he does not need it, in what sense is this for a Mitzvah? Perhaps Chachamim were lenient, for even though now he does not need it, perhaps he will need it, e.g. one of his will become Pasul, or someone else will come who needs it. Rabah says that the Torah permits cooking on Yom Tov due to the possibility that guests will come - PF.)
ื"ื ืืื ืคื' ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืืืจืืชื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืจื ืืจ"ืฉ ืืฉืื ืื ืืฆืืจื ืื ืื ืืฆื ืฉืื ืชืืงื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื
Alternatively, it means as follows. [We asked] "it is a Pesik Reishei!", [and answered] he has another branch. Therefore, it is permitted according to R. Shimon, for perhaps he will not need it, so he did not fix a Kli. Therefore it is not a Pesik Reishei.
ืืื ืืจ"ื ืืกืืจ ืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืขืื
However, according to R. Yehudah, it is forbidden, lest he need it, and retroactively it is revealed that he made a Kli.
ืืขื ืคื' ืืขืจืื ืงืฉื ืืชื ื ืืคืจืง ืฉืืื ื ืฉืจืฆืื (ืฉืืช ืืฃ ืงื.) ืืืคืืก ืืืจืกื ืืฉืืช ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืคื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืืจ
Question (against the Aruch): A Mishnah (Shabbos 107a) says that one who pierces an abscess on Shabbos, if it is to make an opening, he is liable. If it is to remove the pus, he is exempt;
ืืืืงื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจื ืคืืืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ืืื
Only due to pain, he is exempt and it is permitted. If not for pain, it would be forbidden, even though he is not pleased with the opening at all.
ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืืชืืืื ื ืื ืืืื
If he were pleased with the opening, even when he does not intend he would be liable!
ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืช ืืงืืฅ ืืฉืจื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืื
Similarly, we permit moving a hand needle [on Shabbos] to remove a thorn [stuck in the skin, even though he will draw blood] due to pain. If not [for pain], it is forbidden, even though he is not pleased at all.
ืืื ืงืฆืช ืงืฉื ืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืงืืืจ ืจื ืืคืจืง ืืืืช (ืฉื ืงืื.) ืืืฉืื ืฉืกืืื ืืืืคื ืคืืืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืื"ืฆ ืืืื ืืืืฆืืื
Question: If Pesik Reishei d'Lo Nicha Lei is forbidden, why does Rav say in Shabbos (145a) that if one squeezed [liquid from] pickled vegetables to improve them, he is exempt and it is permitted, since he does not need the water that comes out?
ืืืฉืชื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืื"ืฆ ืืื ืืืืืช ืืกืืจ
Even though he does not need it, it should be forbidden!
ืืืืจ"ื ืืืฆืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืงื ืืืฉืื ืฉืจื ืืืื ืื ืกืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืคืจืช ืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืงื ืขืืื
Answer #1 (Ri): We can say that only pickled vegetables are permitted, because what is squeezed from them is like a food that separated, and it is not called a liquid;
ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืคื' ืืืืืืื ืคืืืจ ืืื ืืกืืจ
This is like we say, that if he squeezed them for their liquid, he is exempt, but it is forbidden.
ืืขืื ื"ื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืกืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืขืช ืื ืืื ืขืืฉื
Answer #2: Anything that one does b'Mezid (knowingly wets his clothes), it does not apply to say "perhaps he will squeeze." This is logical, since he does so intentionally;
ืืืืื ืืื ืืกื ื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืฉืื ื ืฉืื ืืกืืื
Therefore, regarding straining wine, we are not concerned lest he squeeze.
ืืืชืื ืฉืคืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื (ืืืฆื ืืฃ ืื.)
Support: It is fine that we allow (Beitzah 18a) a Nidah to scheme and immerse in her clothes [to be Metaher them. If they are loose, they are not a Chatzitzah. We are not concerned lest she squeeze, since she intentionally wets them.]
ืืื ืืค"ื ืืืืื (ืืฃ ืขื:) ืืืืื ืืืงืืื ืคื ื ืจืื ืขืืืจ ืขื ืฆืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืคื ืฉืืืขืช ืื ืืื ืขืืฉื
Similarly, in Yoma (77b) we say that one who goes to greet his Rebbi [on Yom Kipur] may pass up to his neck in water. We do not decree lest he squeeze, since he intentionally does so.
ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืฆืื ืฉืื ื
Also, we can say that there is different, for it is a Mitzvah.
ืืืขืจืื ืคืืจืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืจ ืืกืืืจืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืกืชืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืกืืจ ืืืืืงื ืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืกืชืืื ืืฆื ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืช
Explanation #2 (Aruch): We forbid tightly pressing cloth to fill a hole in a barrel of beer, lest one be Mevatel it (leave it there permanently), and he made a Kli on Shabbos.
ืืืื ื ืจืื ืืจ"ื ืืืืื ืืื
Objection (Ri): What is the case?
ืืื ืืืขืชื ืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืขืช ืื ืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืฉืืชื
If when he puts it there he intends to be Mevatel it, why is this called a Pesik Reishei? Immediately he makes a Kli, for he intends to do so!
ืืื ืืื ืืืขืชื ืืืืื ืฉื ื"ื ืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืฉืืขืฉื ื ืืื
If he did not intend to be Mevatel it, this is not a Pesik Reishei that he will make it a Kli!
ืื"ื ืืืืืง ืฉืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื
Poor answer: He intends to be Mevatel it, but he does not intend to make it a Kli;
ืืฉืืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืืืจื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื.
It is relevant to call this a Pesik Reishei, since he does not totally intend to make a Kli.
TOSFOS DH l'Olam Rav k'R. Yehudah Sevira Lei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืขืืื ืจื ืืจ"ื ืก"ื ืื'
TOSFOS DH l'Olam Rav k'R. Yehudah Sevira Lei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืขืืื ืจื ืืจ"ื ืก"ื ืื'
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains hold as we can answer for Shmuel.)
ืืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืจ"ืฉ ืก"ื
Explanation: We can answer similarly for Shmuel. Really, he holds like R. Shimon;
ืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืคืงื ืคืงืื ืืคืชื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื.
According to the version that says that blood is deposited, he needs the opening. According to the version that blood is attached, he needs the blood.
TOSFOS DH Mai Lav d'Iy Lo Ba'il Matzi Ba'il (pertains to Amud B)
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืฆื ืืขืื (ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ื)
TOSFOS DH Mai Lav d'Iy Lo Ba'il Matzi Ba'il (pertains to Amud B)
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืฆื ืืขืื (ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ื)
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains Rava's rejection.)
ืืืืื ื ืงื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืฉืืืขืื ื ืืืฆื ืืขืื ืืฉืืช ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืืื
Explanation - Rhetorical question: Why did it mention Motza'ei Shabbos, if not to teach that he may have Bi'ah on Shabbos, even though he removes Besulim?!
ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืงื ืขื ืืืฆ"ืฉ ืืืฉืืืขื' ืืืขืื ื ืจืฆืืคืื
Suggestion: Perhaps it mentioned Motza'ei Shabbos to teach that the four nights [for which we attribute blood to Dam Besulim] must be consecutive.
ืืื ืื ืืขืื ื ืฉืืื ืจืฆืืคืื ืืืชื ืื ืืคืจืง ืืชืจื ืื ืื (ืืฃ ืกื: ืืฉื) ืืขืฉื ืื ืชื ืื ื' ืืืืืช ืืชืื ื"ื ืืืฉ
Rejection: They need not be consecutive. A Beraisa (Nidah 64b) mentions an episode in which they allowed her four nights over a period of 12 months.
ืืืื ืคื' ื ืืชื ืื ืื ื' ืืืืืช ืขื ืืืฆ"ืฉ ืฉืืืขืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืงืฆืช ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืืฆ"ืฉ ืืืฉืืืขืื ื ืืฉืจื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืืื ืืฉืืช
Explanation: We give to her four nights until Motza'ei Shabbos. He may have Bi'ah every night and remove some Besulim, until Motza'ei Shabbos. It teaches that one may remove Besulim on Shabbos.
ืืืฉื ื ืื ืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ื ืงื ืืืฉืืืขืื ื ืืืขืื ื ืจืฆืืคืื
[Rava] answers that no, it is permitted except for Shabbos. It mentioned Motza'ei Shabbos to teach that they must be consecutive.
ืืืื ืืฆื ืืืืคืจื ืืืจืืืชื ืืคืจืง ืืชืจื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคื' ืืคืืืจืื
Implied question: We could have asked from the Beraisa in Nidah, which proves that they may be spread out!
ืืื ืืคืจืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืืจืืขื ืืืืืช ืงืชื ื
Answer: Rather, we ask from the Beraisa itself [that Rava explains]. It says four nights until Motza'ei Shabbos!
ืื"ืช ืืขืืงืจื ืืืฉื ื ืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืื ืขืื ืืืขืชื ืืื ืงืชื ื ืืืืื ื' ืืืืืช
Question: What did [Rava] think when he answered "except for Shabbos"? It explicitly says four nights!
ืื"ื ืืืื ืก"ื ืืื`ื ืคืืจืืฉื ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ื' ืืืืืช
Answer: He thought that it means that we give to her until Motza'ei Shabbos, except for Shabbos, which is four nights in all;
ืืืืื ืคืจืื ืืืฉืืข ืืืขืื ื' ืืืืืช
[Abaye] asked that it connotes that he has Bi'ah on four nights;
ืืฉืืขื ืืงื"ื ืืื ืฉืืคืจืฉ ืืชืจ ืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืืื ืคืืจืฆื ืืืืงื
[Rava answers that] this [Heter for four nights including Shabbos] is when he had Bi'ah. It teaches like we explain below, that even though it is a tight opening [it is permitted].
ืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืืื ื ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืค"ื ืฉืจื.
Support: If she sees blood, we attribute it to Dam Besulim! Even so, it is permitted.
TOSFOS DH Mai Ka Mashma Lan
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืงื"ื
TOSFOS DH Mai Ka Mashma Lan
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืงื"ื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains the question.)
ืืืื ืื ืงื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืืืขื ืื ืจืฆืืคืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืคืจืืฉืืช.
Explanation: Why did it mention Motza'ei Shabbos? We cannot say that it is to teach that they must be consecutive, like I explained.
TOSFOS DH Mai Lav d'Tarid d'Ba'i Lemiba'el
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืขื ืืืืืขื
TOSFOS DH Mai Lav d'Tarid d'Ba'i Lemiba'el
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืขื ืืืืืขื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains why he cannot answer like above.)
ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืืืืขืื
Implied question: Why can't he answer like above, except for Shabbos?
ืื"ื ืืื ื ืคืืืจ ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืืงื ืืฉืืืช ืืื ืืชื ื ืืืขื ืืคืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช
Answer: If so, he is not exempt until Motza'ei Shabbos. This would imply that the Tana erred, for he exempts him until Motza'ei Shabbos;
ืืื ืืขืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืฆื ืืืืืขื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืงืื ืืืงื ื ืงื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช
However, above, even if we say except for Shabbos, and he cannot have Bi'ah on Shabbos, the Tana precisely taught until Motza'ei Shabbos;
ืืฉืื ืืขื ืืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืชืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืขื.
This is because until Motza'ei Shabbos we attribute [blood] to Dam Besulim, if he transgressed and had Bi'ah.
TOSFOS DH v'Ha Amar R. Aba Avel Chayav b'Chol ha'Mitzvos v'Chulei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืืจ ืจ' ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืช ืื'
TOSFOS DH v'Ha Amar R. Aba Avel Chayav b'Chol ha'Mitzvos v'Chulei
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืืจ ืจ' ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืช ืื'
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains how Abaye would answer this.)
ืืืืื ืกืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืืื
Explanation: Abaye holds that [if he has] distraction without a Mitzvah, he is obligated;
ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืขืื ืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฆืื.
However, distraction that he cannot do Bi'ah is considered distraction of a Mitzvah, since he is distracted about inability to do a Mitzvah.
TOSFOS DH Chutz Min ha'Tefilin she'Ne'emar Bahen Pe'er
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืืฅ ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืคืืจ
TOSFOS DH Chutz Min ha'Tefilin she'Ne'emar Bahen Pe'er
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืืฅ ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืคืืจ
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains how we expound this in Mo'ed Katan.)
ืืืืจืื ื ืืคืจืง ืืชืจื ืืืืขื ืงืื (ืืฃ ืื.) ืืืืืจ ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืืืืงืื ืคืืจื ืืืืฉ ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืกืืจ
Explanation: We say in Mo'ed Katan (15a) that since Hash-m told Yechezkeil [in his Avelus] "bind your glory upon you", this implies that other [Avelim] are forbidden.
ืืืงืื ืืจืก ืืคื' ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืคืืจ ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขืคืจ ืงืจื ื ืืจืืฉื
Implied question: Rashi explained that it says "glory" regarding Tefilin, and an Avel is depressed (his head wallows in the earth)!
ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืืื ื ืืืฃ ืฉืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืชืคืืืื
Answer: (He agrees with the Drashah in Mo'ed Katan.) He said so to explain why we do not learn other Mitzvos from Tefilin.
ืื"ืช ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืงื ืืืืืงืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืคืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืงืื
Question: What is different about Tefilin, that we say that only Yechezkeil was told [to wear them], but not other Avelim, and regarding Talmud Torah, we learn other Avelim from Yechezkeil?
ืืืืจืื ื (ืฉื) ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืืืืงืื ืืื ืง ืืื
We say there that an Avel is forbidden Talmud Torah, since Hash-m told Yechezkeil "be quiet"!
ืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืื ื ืืืืืกืจ ืจืืื ื ืืืืืงืื ืื"ืข ื ืื ืืกืืจ
Answer: To forbid, we learn from Yechezkeil. Since Hash-m forbade Yechezkeil, also everyone is forbidden;
ืืื ืืืชืืจ ืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืชื.
However, we do not learn from him to permit. The verse permits only him.
TOSFOS DH Hani Tanai Ki Hani Tanai
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ื ืชื ืื ืื ืื ื ืชื ืื
TOSFOS DH Hani Tanai Ki Hani Tanai
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ื ืชื ืื ืื ืื ื ืชื ืื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains why Abaye did not say that Tana'im argue about this.)
ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืคืืืื ืชื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื
Implied question: Tana'im explicitly argue about this (first Bi'ah on Shabbos! What forced Abaye to say that Tana'im argue about whether inability to do Bi'ah is considered distraction of a Mitzvah?)
ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืง ืืืื ืืขืื ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืืชื ื' ืืฉืืืื ืืืกืจ ืืืขืื
Answer: Even so, above Abaye struggled to say that inability to do Bi'ah is considered distraction of a Mitzvah, in order to establish the Mishnah (that Rav Yosef brought) like Shmuel, who forbids Bi'ah;
ืืืืงื ื ืื ืคืืืืชื ืืืจืืืชื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืงืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืื.
He establishes also the argument of the Beraisos to be about whether inability to do Bi'ah is considered distraction [of a Mitzvah], in order to establish like Shmuel as much as he can.
TOSFOS DH Lo k'Halelu Bavliyim she'Ein Beki'in b'Hatiyah
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืืื ืืืืืื
TOSFOS DH Lo k'Halelu Bavliyim she'Ein Beki'in b'Hatiyah
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืืื ืืืืืื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains why even experts are always distracted.)
ืคืืจืืฉ ืืื ื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืงืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืจื ืืื ืืืืืขื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื
Explanation: It is not a Pesik Reishei, for the entire world are not like Bavliyim. Rather, they are experts. Therefore, they may have [first] Bi'ah [on Shabbos], as long as they do not intend for a full Bi'ah.
ืืคืจืื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืื ืคืืจ ืืื ืืขืื ืืง"ืฉ ืืืื ืืืงืืืื ืื
The Gemara asks, "if so, why is he distracted?" I.e. why did we exempt him from Keri'as Shema on Shabbos, since they are experts?
ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืคื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื
Granted, during the week there is distraction, since he intends for a full Bi'ah;
ืืืฃ ืืืงืืืื ืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืคืจืง ืฉื ื ืืืจืืืช (ืืฃ ืื. ืืฉื) ืืจ"ื ืืื ืคืืืจ ืืืืืืจ ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืืงื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื
Even experts have distraction to have a full Bi'ah, like it says in Berachos (16a) that R. Gamliel was exempt [from Keri'as Shema], but he was stringent on himself, even though he was expert, for he was not a Bavli;
ืืื ืืฉืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจื ืืื
However, on Shabbos he does not intend for a full Bi'ah. Why is there distraction?
ืืืฉื ื ืืฉืืื ื ืืงื ืคื' ืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืงื ืืฉืขืช ืง"ืฉ ืืืคื' ืืืงืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืขืฉื ืงืืื ืืขืฉื ืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืื.
He answers, for one who is not expert. I.e. it is because he is not expert at the time of Keri'as Shema. Even those who are experts at the time of the act, before the act they fear lest they are not expert. Therefore, all of them are distracted.
TOSFOS DH Rov Beki'in Hen
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืจืื ืืงืืืื ืื
TOSFOS DH Rov Beki'in Hen
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืจืื ืืงืืืื ืื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains that they are not as expert as Shmuel was.)
ืืื ืื ืืื ืืกืคืงืื ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืชืจืื
Explanation: For everyone, it is a Safek whether he is from the majority, and all of them are permitted.
ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืืื ืืืืืื
Inference: The majority are experts about Hatiyah.
ืื"ืช ืืืืจืื ื ืืค"ื ืืืืืื (ืืฃ ืื: ืืฉื) ืืชืืื ืฉืขืืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ื
Question: It says in Chagigah (14b) "if a Besulah became pregnant, is she permitted to a Kohen [Gadol]?
ืืืื ืฉืืืงืื ืขื ืคื ืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืืฃ ืื ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืื ืื
E.g. if she was checked through a barrel [she sat on it], and the smell [of the wine] did not come [through her and out of her mouth], are we concern for [people like] Shmuel, who said "I can have several Bi'os without blood"? (If so, she is forbidden to a Kohen Gadol.)
ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืขืืืจื
Or, perhaps she became pregnant through [sitting on semen] in a bathhouse?
ืืืกืืง ืืฉืืืื ืื ืฉืืื
We conclude that [people like] Shmuel are uncommon.
ืืืคืจืง ืืชืจื ืื ืื (ืืฃ ืกื: ืืฉื) ื ืื ืงืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืื
Also in Nidah (64b), we say that Shmuel was different. He was exceedingly expert.
ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืงืืืื ืื
Summation of question: Here we say that most are experts!
ืื"ื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉื ืืชืขืืจืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืชืขืืจืช
Answer: Shmuel was able to have full Bi'ah, from which a woman can become pregnant, without blood. A woman cannot become pregnant through Hatiyah;
ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืืื.
Therefore, in Chagigah, we are not concerned for Hatiyah, only for [someone like] Shmuel.
TOSFOS DH Ela me'Atah Shushbinin l'Mah Mapah l'Mah
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืขืชื ืฉืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืื
TOSFOS DH Ela me'Atah Shushbinin l'Mah Mapah l'Mah
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืขืชื ืฉืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos concludes that we ask only about Shabbos.)
ืคื' ืืงืื ืืจืก ืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืืขืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืชืกืืง ืืืขืชื ืฉืืื
Explanation #1 (Rashi): Since they are expert to have Bi'ah without blood, perhaps he will do Hatiyah, and she will not suspect that he did Hatiyah!
ืืืฉื ื ืืฉืืฉืืื ืื ืืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืคื
We answer that the Shushbinin and cloth are for if he will not do Hatiyah, and have full Bi'ah, and the cloth will be lost;
ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืฆื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ื
If he will do Hatiyah and say that he did not find Besulim, she can say that she is still a Besulah.
ืืงืฉื ืืจ"ื ืืืื ื ืืชืจืฅ ืืื ืฉืืงืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืกืงื ืืืขืชื ืืืืจ ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ื ืืขืืงืจ ืืชืืจืืฅ ืืกืจ ืื ืืกืคืจ
Question (Ri): This does not answer what he asked! He should have answered that it crosses her mind to say "I am still a Besulah." The primary answer is not in the text.
ืื ืจืื ืืจ"ื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืจ"ืช ืืืืงื ืืฉืืช ืงื ืคืจืื ืืืคื ืืฉืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืขืื ืืืืืื
Explanation #2 (Ri, R. Tam): We asked only about Shabbos. Why are there Shushbinin and a cloth? He must have Bi'ah through Hatiyah;
ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืช
It is common practice to have Shushbinin even on Shabbos.
ืืืฉื ื ืฉืื ืืืจืข ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืืื
He answered that perhaps it will occur that he did not do Hatiyah. He will do a full Bi'ah, and the Dam Besulim will be lost;
ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืคืจืื ื ืื ืืฉืืช.
This is like "why is he distracted?" Also that question was [only] about Shabbos.
TOSFOS DH Im La'asos Lah Peh Chayav
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืคื ืืืื
TOSFOS DH Im La'asos Lah Peh Chayav
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืคื ืืืื
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains that one is liable for a dual purpose opening.)
ืืคืชื ืื ืขืฉืืื ืืืื ืืก ืืืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืก ืืืืจ ืืืืืฆืื ืืืื.
Explanation: This opening is made for entrance and exit. Air enters and pus leaves.
TOSFOS DH v'Im Lehotzi Mimenah Leichah Patur
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืืจ
TOSFOS DH v'Im Lehotzi Mimenah Leichah Patur
ืชืืกืคืืช ื"ื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืืจ
(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains the question against Shmuel.)
ืืคืจืง ืฉืืื ื ืฉืจืฆืื (ืฉืืช ืืฃ ืงื: ืืฉื) ืืืงืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืขืื
Observation: In Shabbos (107b) we establish this like R. Shimon.
ืืกืืงื ืืขืชืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืืื ืืืคืงื ืคืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืคืชื
Explanation: The Hava Amina of R. Ami, who asked, is that blood is deposited and he needs the blood, but not the opening;
ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืคื ืืืค"ื ืืกืจ ืฉืืืื (ืืืืช ืืจืฉ"ืฉ) ืืืืื ืคืจืื ืืืคืืก ืืืจืกื
It is Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah l'Gufah, and even so, Shmuel forbids. Therefore, he asked from piercing an abscess;
ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืืจ ืืงืืืื ืื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืคืชื
Just like one who intends to remove pus is exempt, and we hold that he is exempt and it is permitted, since he does not need the opening [also here it should be permitted]!
ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืคื ืคืืืจ ืืื ืืกืืจ
Implied question: In other cases of Melachah she'Einah Tzerichah l'Gufah, one is exempt, but it is forbidden!
ืืืืจืกื ืฉืจื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจ
Answer: Regarding an abscess it is permitted, due to pain;
ืืื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจื
Also here, we should permit due to the Mitzvah!
ืืขืื ืืคืืื ืฉืจืื ื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจื ืืคื ืืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืจ"ืช ืืขืื ืคืจืื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืคืชื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆืขืจื ืืื ืืกืืจ
Further, even if we should permit due to pain more than for a Mitzvah, like R. Tam explained above, [R. Ami] asks properly here, for surely it is a Pesik Reishei regarding the opening. If not for pain, it would be forbidden;
ืืื (ืืืื ืืืฃ ืืื) ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืช ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฆืขืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืคืชื
However, regarding Bi'ah, we should permit even without pain, since it is not a Pesik Reishei regarding the opening!