Shabbos
149
Zichru Daf Simanim
Siman - Shabbos Daf 149
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  • Not counting from a list.

The Mishnah on Daf 148b stated that a person may count his guests and delicacies orally but not from a written note. The Gemara brings a machlokes Amoraim as to the reason.

Rav Bibi says גזרה שמא ימחוק - it is a d’Rabbanon that was enacted lest one erase something from the list (and be עובר the melacho of מוחק). Rashi explains that the host might see that he did not prepare enough food for all of his guests and he will delete some guests from his list so that his servant will not invite them. It’s a d’Rabbanon because mid’Oraysa, one is has only transgressed the melacha of mocheik, erasing, if it is to make space for writing.

Abaye says גזרה שמא יקרא בשטרי הדיוטות – it is a d’Rabbanon that was enacted lest one read from common documents, which Rashi understands as business related documents.

  • Gazing at pictures

It was taught in a Baraisa that one is forbidden from reading on Shabbos the captions under a picture or artworks such as scenes of Dovid fighting Golyas. Rashi explains that reading from them on Shabbos is prohibited because one many come to read from shtarei hedyotos.

The Baraisa continues and prohibits gazing at artwork even during the week as it is stated in the passuk אל תפנו אל האלילים – Do not turn to idols. Rebbe Chanin interprets the passuk to mean אל תפנו אל מדעתכם – Do not turn to that which comes from your minds. Rashi explains that the word אלילים is related to the word חללים - recesses, referring to the recesses of one’s mind.

The Rishonim debate whether this prohibition applies only to gazing at items designated for avodah zarah even if they have not been worshipped, or it is a broader application to art in general.

  • Causing another to be punished

Rebbe Yaakov brei d’Bas Yaakov said כל שחבירו נענש על ידו – Anyone whose friend was punished on his account אין מכניסין אותו במחיצתו של הקדוש ברוך הוא – is not admitted into the enclosure of HaKadosh Boruch Hu.

In seeking the source for Rebbe Yaakov’s statement, the Gemara mentions an incident involving Tzidkiyah and Nevuchadnetzar, suggesting that Tzidkiyah was responsible for Nevuchadnetzar’s punishment. The Gemara rejects this premise in part because Rav Yehudah said in the name of Rav that Tzidkiyah was righteous and a helpless victim, who Hashem protected when Nevuchadnetzar sought to do a disgraceful deed to him.

Siman – Comet. The astronomer reviewing the guest list for his upcoming comet gazing party decided to disinvite the artist who was going to paint the starry night when he found out he did the portrait for an evil emperor. Key Words – guest list, gazing, causing another to be punished

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Rabbi Avraham Goldhar

Rabbi Avraham Goldhar has been designing and teaching Jewish literacy courses for over thirty years. His knowledge frameworks for Biblical mastery, Jewish History, Talmudic Law & Jewish Holidays enable students of all backgrounds to better integrate Jewish concepts and learn systematically. After serving as the Educational Director of Aish HaTorah New York, Avraham launched GoldharSchool.com, Home of Big Picture Jewish Education, featuring Jewish literacy content for schools and individuals. He is the developer of the Goldhar Method, a revolutionary learning system that integrates memory into the learning process and has trained over 80,000 students, teachers and professionals. He lectures internationally on the topic of academic mastery and the solutions required to raise the bar in education. Avraham learned in Aish HaTorah, Mir, and Chaim Berlin and received his ordination under the tutelage of Rabbi Yitzchok Berkovits in Jerusalem.